Different Style of printing
Most materials square measure washed before any writing begins to get rid of any finishing chemicals or size agents, substances superimposed to cloth close to the tip of the producing method which will impede the dye’s ability to figure well.
Then, the coloring agent is ready. Most materials are colore and decorate using dyes, which are usually thickened into a paste-like consistency to ensure they stay where applied and do not bleed into other areas of the fabric. Why dye? in contrast to paints, that stay the surface, dyes penetrate into cloth fibers, creating them additional permanent.
Different styles / techniques of printing:
- Direct style
- Resist style
- Discharge style
- Special style
Some special printing style…..
- Flock style
- Dyed style
- Burnt out
- Blotch printing
- Air brush ( spray) printing
- Photo printing
- Batik / tie dye etc.
Methods for material Printing
There square measure 2 basic printing strategies, direct printing and resist printing.
Direct Printing
Direct printing is wherever a dye is employ to feature color on to cloth.
Block printing
One of the oldest direct printing techniques is block printing. you’ll realize examples chemical analysis back thousands of years. In block printing, a style is engrav into a tough substance like wood. Then, cloth is arrange out flat, and therefore the block is swayback in dye and ironed onto the material. Here’s a picture of a person victimisation special printing blocks to embellish a sort of ancient cloth from Gold Coast referred to as Adinkra textile.
Man printing Adinkra textile
As the image illustrates, block printing does not need several tools and might be done manually. the method is solely continual till the specified impact is reached. Some printing blocks will be quite convolute, as in these samples of patterns used on materials from Bharat.
Engraved roller printing
Carved roller printing builds on the concept of block printing but takes it to a much more industrial level. In this method, manufacturers carve designs into a large copper cylinder and print them onto fabric as it feeds through a machine. The design repeats as many times as needed. During the 18th and 19th centuries, factories used this method to produce many printed materials.
Screen printing
Screen printing uses a pattern or model with gaps in it for the look, that is burn onto a screen with associate exposure light-weight.
In screen printing, the printer pushes ink through a patterned screen, transferring color onto the fabric through the open areas. This process can be carrie out either on a flatbed or using a rotary machine. Each color in the design requires a separate screen.
To create a colored design on a white or colored background, printers use various styles such as direct printing, discharge printing, and resist printing.
1.Direct printing
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In direct printing, printers apply dyes directly to the required areas of the multicolored design on the fabric, leaving the other parts blank.
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They can produce multicolored prints on a white background using this method.
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This style is also know as steam printing because, in most cases, printers use steaming to fix the colour into the fabric.
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For this process, they prepare a printing paste that includes a thickener, binder, and other necessary ingredients. After printing and drying, they fix the color by steaming, thermoforming, or chemical treatment.
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In direct printing, printers often use mordant dyes, vegetable dyes, pigments, and certain mineral colors.
Limitation
1.coloured blotches with sharp outline and free of specks are difficult to produce by the direct style.
2.It is difficult to incorporate small colored motifs or dark ground by this style.
3.It is difficult to print the knitted goods in fine design with sharp outline by style.
2.Discharge printing
1.The discharge printing involves the uniform dyeing of the fabric by any of the conventional dyeing method followed by drying and printing
2.the dye present on unprint area un affect, so that a white design is produce on color ground This is know as white discharge printing.
3.discharge agent required in paste and printed fabric steamed,a colored ground. this is know as coloured discharge printing.
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In both white and colored discharge printing, the ground color must be easily and uniformly dischargeable; otherwise, you cannot achieve a pure white or clean colored effect.
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In discharge printing, the printer first dyes the entire fabric and then applies a printing paste that contains a chemical discharging agent capable of removing the dye locally. After printing, the fabric undergoes steaming and washing, revealing a white or light-colored pattern on the dyed background.
Advantages
1.It allows of white and coloure pattern being produced a shade,fullness,richness by printing
2.production of sharp outline
3.low coverage pri ting
4.while effect produced both side of fabric
Limitation
1.only discharged coloured used since all colour are not discharge.
3.Resist Printing
1.Resist style printing is applicable to those classes of dyes which are dye on the fabric by two or more separate chemical process.
2.the resist is apply to cloth before it is dyed.
Advantages
1.It allow off white and coloured patter being produced on dyed ground
2.we obtained depth of shade and fullness and richness of colour.
3.A resist which will prevent fixation of colour.
4.The cost of resist printing is low and required less chemical and auxiliaries.
5.All colour are capable of being resist .
Feature of Printing:
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Printing applies color in the form of a design or pattern, using either single or multiple colors. Printers use a special viscous liquid called ‘print paste’ to carry the dye or pigment along with necessary chemicals. The high consistency of the print paste helps the dye adhere to the surface of the fiber. To fix the color, printers apply steam in a process known as ‘curing.’
For dyeing, a low-viscosity or aqueous medium is typically used, whereas printing is carried out in a thick, viscous medium. The dyes commonly used in printing include vat, reactive, azoic (phenol-based), and disperse dyes, all known for their good fastness properties.
Although pigments are not true dyes, printers use them extensively—about 96% of textile printing involves pigments. These pigments are fixed to the fabric with the help of a binder.
Alternative Methods of Textile Printing:
While several methods exist for applying colorful designs to fabric, printing remains the most cost-effective and widely used technique. Other methods include… - By unreal yarn in style of plain-woven material.
- Embroidery
Difference between Dyeing and Printing :
| SL | DYEING | PRINTING |
| 1 | Uniform coloration along the length & width. | Color is apply in form of design. |
| 2 | No localized application. | Localized dyeing. |
| 3 | Back & face side are same. | Back & face are different. |
| 4 | Applied in aqueous medium of low viscosity. | Applied in viscous medium in paste form. |
| 5 | Thickener is not use. | Thickener is use. |
| 6 | M:L is higher. | low |
| 7 | No specific design is need | Color is apply according to the design. |
| 8 | Fibre, yarn, & fabric can be dye. | Only fabric is printed. N.B: There is a special process of yarn printing called ‘space dyeing’ |
TRANSFER PRINTING VS. DIGITAL PRINTING
Let us withdraw into associate degree investigation into the character and key options of Transfer Printing as compared to Digital Printing.
Transfer printing
Transfer printing, or sublimation printing because it is additionally famous, may be a technique or method that involves the printing out of a style onto a versatile base material and so later transferred onto a textile.
Digital printing is associate degree invention that involves design being processed by a laptop, and so written directly on to the surface of the material.
Key options
1. Imaging features: each transfer printing and digital printing provide designers the power to form styles in an exceedingly 1000s of colors, one thing that has ne’er been attainable with ancient screen printing.
2.Design Detail:
Transfer printing allows designers to create specific styles or effects that other printing methods cannot replicate. Digital printing enables the reproduction of photographic images with much finer detail than traditional printing techniques.
3. Costing: The styles in Transfer printing are written onto non high-priced and non large substrate (base materials) like paper and solely then written onto the costlier materials per the demand for the look saving each time and cash. On the opposite hand, in digital printing, the pc and printers ar massive just one occasion investments, however enable price savings throughout short runs that don’t seem to be possible for screen printing because of the value of screens.
4. Trained Labour: the method of transfer printing is additionally uncomplicated and fairly straightforward to execute, thus it doesn’t need a high level of ability. On the opposite hand, digital printing needs trained labour to air hand to execute it.
5. Easy Production: Transfer printing eases the assembly of short run repeat orders whereas digital printing is that the best method for single garment orders.
6. Accuracy of Production: the method of transfer printing needs fewer pre- and post-processes, as compared to digital printing, that permits for lower wastage or errors in printing. Digital printing technology, however, is progressing speedily.
7. Instrumentation and materials: Transfer printing is a lot of usually on the market for unreal fibre fabrics like polyester. Digital printing is accessible for each natural fiber materials (such as cotton) and unreal fibre materials (such as polyester).However, each type of fabric requires different machinery, since the inks used for natural materials (such as reactive inks) differ from those used for synthetic materials (like disperse dyes).
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